
Production levels from major global regions and U.S. consumption patterns drive much of the overall market movement.
Aluminum production is highly energy-intensive. Shifts in electricity and natural gas pricing—especially in smelting regions—often lead to market adjustments.
Freight costs, availability, port congestion, and regional demand can influence the delivered Midwest premium.
Tariffs, trade agreements, sanctions, carbon policies, and environmental regulations can all affect cost structures and supply availability.